Jobsite Safety During Hot Weather

As temperatures increase during the summer months, so does the risk of heat-related illnesses on construction sites. Heat stress poses a serious threat to worker health and productivity.

Understanding Heat Stress

Heat stress occurs when the body is unable to properly cool itself, particularly during sustained exposure to high temperatures, humidity, and physical exertion. In construction environments, this risk is heightened due to outdoor work, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and the physical demands of the job.

Common heat-related illnesses include:

• Heat rash – Skin irritation from excessive sweating.

• Heat cramps – Muscle pain due to salt loss from sweating.

• Heat exhaustion – Symptoms include dizziness, nausea, headache, heavy sweating, and weakness.

• Heat stroke – A medical emergency characterized by confusion, unconsciousness, and body temperature above 103°F. Immediate action is critical.

Risk Factors in Construction

Construction workers face unique challenges that elevate heat risk:

• Working outdoors in direct sunlight

• Performing physically demanding tasks

• Wearing PPE that traps heat

• Operating in areas with limited ventilation

• Lack of access to cool water or shade

Workers who are new to the job or returning from time away are particularly vulnerable, as they have not yet acclimatized to the heat.

OSHA Recommendations for Heat Safety

OSHA encourages employers to implement a comprehensive heat illness prevention program. Essential elements include:

1. Water. Rest. Shade.

Ensure workers have access to cool drinking water, regular rest breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas, and scheduling adjustments to reduce peak heat exposure.

2. Acclimatization Protocols Gradually increase workloads and allow more frequent breaks during the first 1–2 weeks of heat exposure, especially for new or returning workers.

3. Training Provide training on recognizing heat illness symptoms, proper hydration, the importance of rest periods, and emergency response procedures.

4. Emergency Preparedness Develop and communicate site-specific plans for responding to heat illness, including access to medical services and use of cooling methods while awaiting emergency care.

5. Monitoring Supervisors should monitor environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, and heat index) and observe workers for early signs of heat illness.

Safety Manager’s Perspective: Field Tips for Prevention

From the field, the most effective heat stress programs go beyond compliance:

• Use cooling PPE – Lightweight, breathable, or moisture-wicking clothing can reduce body temperature. Cooling towels and vests are also helpful.

• Encourage a buddy system – Workers should look out for signs of heat stress in their teammates.

• Provide electrolyte options – Supplement water with electrolyte-replenishing drinks during extended work periods.

• Post signage – Visual reminders near break areas and water stations reinforce training.

Final Thoughts

Protecting workers from heat-related illness is vital. Heat stress is preventable when employers implement sound safety practices, empower workers with knowledge, and remain vigilant during peak heat conditions.

OSHA will continue to advocate for strong heat illness prevention programs, and safety leaders on every jobsite must do their part to protect the health of those who build our communities.

For more information, visit www.osha.gov/heat.